Ingles VI

Defining relative clauses We use defining relative clauses to give essential information about someone or something – information that we need in order to understand what or who is being referred to. A defining relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes. We usually use a relative pronoun (e.g.  who, that, which, whose  and  whom ) to introduce a defining relative clause (In the examples, the relative clause is in  bold , and the person or thing being referred to is  underlined .): They’re  the people   who want to buy our house . Here are  some cells   which have been affected . They should give the money  to somebody   who they think needs the treatment most . [talking about an actress] She’s now playing  a woman   whose son was killed in the First World War . Spoken English: In defining relative clauses we often use  that  instead of  who, whom  or  which . This is very common in informal speaking: They’re  the people  

Las "non-defining relative clauses" están compuestas por un pronombre relativo, un verbo y otros elementos opcionales, como el sujeto o el objeto del verbo. Siempre se emplean comas o paréntesis para delimitar las oraciones de relativo no especificativas y separarlas del resto de la oración principal. EJEMPLOS John's mother,  who lives in Scotland,  has 6 grandchildren. My friend John,  who went to the same school as me , has just written a best-selling novel. My grandmother,  who is dead now , came from the North of England. We stopped at the museum,  which we had never visited before . I've just come back from London,  where John lives. . Yesterday I met a woman named Susan,  whose husband works in London . PRONOMBRES RELATIVOS Los siguientes pronombres relativos se utilizan en las proposiciones relativas explicativas. Estos pronombres relativos aparecen al principio de la oración de relativo y hacen referencia a un nombre que los precede en la orac

Wish  and ‘ If only ’ are both used to talk about regrets – things that we would like to change either about the past or the present. Talking about the present If only I didn’t have so much homework I could go to the concert tonight. She has a lot of homework and she can’t go to the concert. I wish you didn’t live so far away. I wish I knew what to do. When we talk about present regrets, both  wish  and  if only  are followed by the  past simple tense . The past tense emphasises that we are talking about something ‘unreal’. Talking about the past I wish I’d studied harder when I was at school. He didn’t study harder when he was at school. I wish I hadn’t eaten all that chocolate. I feel sick. If only I’d known you were coming. Both  wish  and  if only  are followed by the  past perfect tense  when we talk about past regrets. Wish/if only and would We use  wish + would  to talk about something in the present that we would like to change – usually something that we find