Ingles VI

REPORTED QUESTIONS 1.       El verbo cambia como en ‘reported speech’. 2. Siempre se pone el sujeto antes del verbo en ‘reported questions’ y nunca se usa el auxiliar do/does/did. Ej: ·          What did you do yesterday? ·          He asked me what I had done yesterday. 3. En yes/no preguntas se usa if o whether Ej: ·          Are you Spanish? ·          He asked me if I was Spanish. ·          Do you live here? ·          She asked me whether I lived here. 4. No se pone la puntuación ‘?’ en reported questions. 5. Se usan las palabras where, when, who, what, which, why, whose en reported questions sin el verbo auxiliar. Ej: ·          Where do you live? He asked me where I lived. What do you like doing in your free time? She asked me what I liked doing in my free time. 6. Se dice: She asked me, he asked him, we asked them, they asked us etc para introducir la pregunta en reported speech.

DIRECT SPEECH (El estilo directo) Cuando queremos informar exactamente de lo que otra persona ha dicho, utilizamos el estilo directo. Con este estilo lo que la persona ha dicho se coloca entre comillas (“…”) y deberá ser palabra por palabra. ·          “I am going to London next week,” ·          “Do you have a pen I could borrow,” REPORTED SPEECH (El estilo indirecto) El estilo indirecto, a diferencia del estilo directo, no utiliza las comillas y no necesita ser palabra por palabra. En general, cuando se usa el estilo indirecto, el tiempo verbal cambia. A veces se usa “that” en las frases afirmativas y negativas para introducir lo que ha dicho la otra persona. Por otro lado, en las frases interrogativas se puede usar “if” o “whether”. Nota: Ten en cuenta también que las expresiones de tiempo cambian en el estilo indirecto. Direct Speech Reported Speech Present Simple Past Simple “He  is  American,” she said.

ed and –ing adjectives Adjectives that end ‘-ed’ (e.g. ‘ bored ’, ‘ interested ’) and adjectives that end ‘-ing’ (e.g. ‘ boring ’, ‘ interesting ’) are often confused. - ed adjectives Adjectives that end ‘-ed’ describe emotions – they tell us how people feel about something. ·          I was very bored in the maths lesson. I almost fell asleep. ·          He was surprised to see Helen. She’d told him she was going to Australia. -ing adjectives Adjectives that end ‘-ing’ describe the thing that causes the emotion – a boring lesson makes you feel bored. ·          Have you seen that film? It’s absolutely terrifying. ·          I can’t eat this! It’s disgusting! What is it? Remember that people can be  boring  but only if they make other people feel  bored . ·          He talks about the weather for hours. He’s so boring. Here are some more adjectives that can have both an ‘-ed’ and an ‘-ing’ form ·          amused ·          amusing ·          ann

Causatives: Have and Get We use a causative verb when we want to talk about something that someone else did for us or for another person. It means that the subject caused the action to happen, but didn't do it themselves. Maybe they paid, or asked, or persuaded the other person to do it. For example, we can say: ·          I cleaned my house. (This means I cleaned it myself). If I paid someone to clean it, of course I can say: ·          A cleaner cleaned my house. But, another way is to use a causative construction. So I can also say: ·          I had my house cleaned. In a sense, using a causative verb is similar to using a passive. The important thing is that the house is now clean. We don't focus on who did the cleaning. Have + object + past participle (have something done) We usually use 'have something done' when we are talking about paying someone to do something for us. It's often used for services. The form is 'subject + have + obje